It utilizes a noise-shaped two-step (NSTS) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in the second stage and benefits its inter-stage gain to provide an extra attenuation of the quantization noise such that the same specifications of a traditional modulator are achieved but with a lower order of noise-shaping.
The Pixon method utilizes a noise-reducing post-processing algorithm that minimizes image noise in the processed image while preserving vital information from the raw data [3, 4].
Peak picking utilized a noise reduction threshold ignoring peaks below s/n two and picking peaks with s/n greater than five.
It utilizes several noise-suppression techniques for maximum noise reduction and describes the advantages as well as disadvantages of several other techniques currently in use at industry.
Different from [14], it utilizes the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) to evaluate the degree of reliability for SUs.
In GNSS, the transmitter utilizes a pseudo random noise (PRN) sequence to expand a narrow-band signal over a wider spectrum.
The statistical analysis utilizes a random field noise model that incorporates estimates of the local temporal and spatial correlations of the GLM residuals.
As will be explained in the next section, the computational model is built based on Escherichia coli mechanism, which purely utilizes a natural Gaussian noise, with long correlation time as the key mechanism [22].
Electrical measurements for active cells on wafer were performed utilizing a low-noise Keithley 4200 semiconductor characteristic system (Keithley Instruments Inc., Cleveland, OH, USA) combined with a semi-automatic probe station (Wentworth AVT 702, Wentworth Laboratories, Inc., Brookfield, CT, USA).
Moreover, a method exists in which independent component analysis (ICA) is utilized as a noise estimator instead of the null beamformer [15].
To prevent the degradation of unvoiced sounds during noise, the algorithm utilizes a simple speech/noise detector (SND) and further divides speech signal into unvoiced and voiced sounds.
