In "null" blocks, reversals were signaled by neutral outcomes (signifying an incorrect response to the shifted contingency), while correct responses led to receipt of one pound (represented on-screen by an empty circle or a pound coin respectively).
The answer is a diverse range of bodies represented on-screen ― diverse in ethnicity, body type, age and gender.
In this post-9/11 world, Muslims were represented on-screen as either ignorant people in need of Western guidance, or terrorists seeking to destroy the world.
While details on the project are sparse, the moiré effect-inducing themselves are fascinating imaginings of how light effects like iridescence can be represented on-screen.
*Starred categories indicate significant difference between animated and comparison films (Z test of column proportions; P<0.05). Figure 3 shows survival curves representing on-screen deaths of parents.
Heathers has been hugely important in changing the way teenage girls are represented on screen because it was one of the first films to acknowledge the complexity of the female adolescent and it broke the vacuous/pretty/popular versus clever/in need of a makeover/unpopular mould.
The big change in the superhero movie genre and its dealings with history came when comic-book company Marvel began having a much greater input in how its characters were represented on screen, partly as a response to characters from rival company DC continually being more successfully brought to screen.
"We are so used to seeing one idea of what a young man or woman is in the popular media," she says, adding that it is "suffocating" how homogeneously young people are represented on screen.
But while it understandably annoys literature and theatre, this bias is less ideological than technological: a picture, sculpture or photograph can be represented on screen more or less as it looks to a gallery-goer, so the viewer can see exactly what is being discussed.
It is denying huge parts of our community seeing themselves represented on screen as they should.
