(The same appears to be true for many kinds of animals, including salamanders, pigeons, raccoons, dolphins, parrots, and monkeys).
Common reptiles include salamanders, slow worms, and various lizards and snakes, of which only the adder is poisonous.
In addition, there are populations of amphibians (including salamanders, toads, and frogs), lizards (notably western pond turtles), and fish (especially trout).
Three other species, including salamanders, are susceptible, too.
Over the past decade, scientists have documented several population declines in amphibians, including salamanders.
The iridoviruses compose a large family containing many species that differ broadly in host range, some reported from vertebrates, including salamanders and fish, whereas most are known from invertebrates, including nematodes and especially insects [9].
Empirical examples of divergence with gene flow span a wide array of organisms (Pinho and Hey 2010), including salamanders (Niemiller et al. 2008), lizards (Rosenblum et al. 2007), plants (Osborne et al. 2013), and butterflies (Stölting et al. 2013).
Similar genetic patterns across geographic regions attributed to Pleistocene related phenomena have been detected in numerous animals including salamanders [ 5, 6], frogs [ 19], voles [ 20], mice [ 21], bears [ 3], and grasshoppers [ 22].
We have illustrated the formalism with planarian experiments; yet, we are currently developing tools and curating experiment databases of other regenerative model organisms, including salamander and insect limbs, and deer antlers.
The third largest group (highlighted in green) includes five salamander elements and six fish (Danio, Gadus) elements.
