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Is PTX-3 just a biomarker or has it a causative or preservative role in the development of atherosclerosis?
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A positive fluid balance has been associated with increased mortality in sepsis in a number of studies, but it remains unclear whether it is a causative factor [6, 100].
Although CMV DNA is detected more often in severe colitis, it is unclear whether it is a causative factor.
And in any event, simply detecting signs of a virus in cancerous tissue doesn't necessarily mean that it plays a causative role.
It plays a causative role in chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and is strongly associated with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma [2].
It has since been detected worldwide (2 – 7 ), including the People's Republic of China (8 ), but whether it is a causative respiratory pathogen remains speculative.
Although culturable influenza A virus was isolated from the stool of our patient, whether it played a causative role in the patient's gastroenteritis could not be determined.
Further studies that causally link R. parkeri in A. maculatum ticks with human disease in North Carolina are necessary to incriminate it as a causative agent in this state.
This bacterium was later isolated from patients with acute appendicitis, but also from other tissues where it was a causative agent of fatal bacteremia (Lau et al., 2012).
In this case, the association of the agent with diarrhea may lead to the false conclusion that it is a causative agent.
Large population-based prospective studies are warranted to confirm whether A-FABP is an independent predictor of NAFLD and whether it plays a causative role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com