The results of these experiments clearly demonstrate the importance of knowing the variability of fluxes temporally and spatially to broach issues of scaling up to obtain fluxes representative of large areas.
The dry resist material frozen directly to the surface of the substrate alleviates many of the issues of scaling up as fine metal masks have proven increasingly cumbersome with area.
All the elements of developing reactor performance models that would capture relevant issues of scale-up and design are also provided.
Thus research questions are asked which are of direct relevance to the control programme directors; candidate interventions are feasible in the economic, socio-cultural and political setting; and issues of scale-up are addressed at the inception of the research.
The purpose of this paper is to identify the theoretical frameworks that have been used to understand the issue of scaling up in the health sector in developing countries, and to identify how they inform practical questions of planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation for scale.
"I think the Ministry of Health tries to do its part but many of the interventions from research are not cheap and are not easy to implement, the challenge of human resource, financial resources and also the whole issue of scale-up.
The issue of scale-up is relatively simple for HFB and since the cells are separated from the bulk flow of media, the flowrate can be set based on the required transport across the membrane without the usual constraint of shear stress on the cells.
The papers in this issue illustrate an important requirement of scaling up: making the work of PD facilitators visible such that researchers/designers can begin to more explicitly articulate their roles, how they learn to enact those roles, and how researchers/designers can support their learning.
Finally, environmental scanning facilitates the ability of the resource team to address political issues related to scale up in a systematic manner.
An analysis of the viability of scaling up local pharmaceutical production has found similar issues [ 12].
This article discusses the process and impact of scaling up on Southern partners' organizational functioning on HIV and AIDS issues in the Kilimanjaro Region in Tanzania.
