To preserve the excavated remains in very harsh climatic winter conditions, experimental mixtures of restoration mortar have been tested for strength and frost resistance using similar raw materials as in ancient times.
Clean (Group A) and infested (Group D) mussel shells (n = 50, for each group for each species) were tested for strength.
The compressive force required to crack the shell was measured using a recording spring scale (Chatillon-N.Y.-U.S.A.-MODELIN-25 Clean (Group A) and infested (Group D) mussel shells (n = 50, for each group for each species) were tested for strength.
Not everyone is tested for hand-grip strength routinely.
The hardened properties were tested for compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), initial and final absorption.
The hardened properties were tested for compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), initial and final absorption and electrical resistivity.
Six mortar bars were tested for flexural strength and 12 for compressive strength, and the average strength values were obtained.
Concrete specimens were tested for compressive strength, stress-strain curve, splitting tensile strength, and Young's modulus.
Compressive strength Cubes (150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm) were tested for compressive strength according to (ASTM 2011a) at 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, strength development with time is shown in Fig. 8.
The different mixtures were tested for mechanical strength at different ages, while durability measurements such as chloride ion penetration and freeze thaw resistance were also carried out.
Three cylinders were tested for compressive strength after 28 days according to the ASTM C39 standard test method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens, and the mean value was calculated.
