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Listeria monocytogenes (LM), one of the eight species belonging to the genus Listeria, is pathogenic for both humans and animals.
Liu B, Yang Y, Dai J, Medzhitov R, Freudenberg MA, Zhang PL, et al. TLR4 up-regulation at protein or gene level is pathogenic for lupus-like autoimmune disease.
Pasteurella multocida is pathogenic for many animals, causing fowl cholera, blood poisoning in ruminants, pneumonia in young cattle, and respiratory infection in cattle and humans.
However, most of the silkworms died during the two infection conditions, indicating that this Bb line is pathogenic for the silkworm (Fig. 1b).
The facultative intracellular bacterium, Francisella tularensis, is pathogenic for many mammalian species including humans, causing a spectrum of diseases collectively called tularemia [1].
Being a strong producer of virulence effector proteins and of siderophores, quinolones and phenazines, it is pathogenic for Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans and causes substantial airway pathology in mice and rats after intratracheal instillation [34].
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Although limited data do not indicate that TPMV is a human pathogen, other shrewborne hantaviruses may be pathogenic for humans.
In such studies, researchers test a handful of human or animal genes for mutations that both match an expected inheritance pattern and seem likely to be pathogenic, for instance because they affect the structure of an expressed protein.
Although other Ehrlichia spp. are known to be pathogenic for animals and zoonotic, these features are presently unknown for this novel genotype.
The isolates (n = 6) were pathogenic for sea bass.
This fungus is generally regarded as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration FDAandand the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency because it does not appear to be pathogenic for plants or animals (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [1997]).
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