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For example a disease specific HRQL instrument is often validated by using a generic instrument.
Protein A chromatography is also capable of removing modest levels of viruses and is often validated for viral clearance.
Self reported sexual behavior is often "validated" through consistency analyses, wherein respondents' answers to the same questions at multiple time points are compared.
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In general, statistical models are often validated for specific area types in a global manner, e.g., a single parameter setup is used in a city area.
But even though the primary purpose of distributed hydrological models is to reproduce river discharge and water fluxes in the entire catchment, they are often validated using only the observed river discharge at the basin outlet for comparisons.
While previously suggested controllers were often validated for the strongly simplified case of sitting or lying subjects, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in experimental trials with walking drop foot patients.
Concept inventory questions are often validated with student interviews (e.g., Hartley et al., 2011).
These are often validated in perioperative conditions but may sometimes be less reliable in more severe patients.
miRNA targets are often validated using a modified 5'RACE technique to detect the products of miRNA-mediated cleavage [ 19].
Conversely, the clinical variables do not necessarily need to be selected as they are fewer (q = 5 − 10) and were often validated in many large studies.
The results of microarray experiments are often validated using reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), which is the most sensitive and reproducible method to quantify gene expression.
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