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My target is not proficiency; I'm content with mediocrity.
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"That's not proficiency".
Although guidelines in Japan acknowledge language proficiency as a problem for disaster support and mitigation planning, it is not clear how proficiency in a local language, or lack thereof, affects disaster information-gathering behavior and how this should be addressed in disaster prevention planning.
Since the variable "language proficiency" is not available in all years, we include a dummy variable for good language proficiency only in specification (6).
The central interest is not to obtain individual proficiency scores but to obtain population and subpopulation estimates of person proficiency, denoted by θ.
Given the complexity of language proficiency and how it develops in learners over time, the effort to distinguish different levels of language proficiency is not without problems.
It was suggested that technology proficiency is not a key factor in constructing digital teaching portfolios.
Proficiency is not necessary to burn calories; in fact, a lack of it probably makes the workout harder.
Instrumental proficiency is not required, but strongly encouraged.
Information on language proficiency is not available in 2000 and 2006.
Hence it is not surprising that English proficiency would contribute to graduate students' academic success in Korean universities.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com