Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of short tandem repeat (STR) loci is inherently limited in samples containing degraded DNA, as the cumulative size of repeat regions, primer binding regions, and flanking sequence is necessarily larger than the PCR template.
As the graph does not have contained reads, the length of the overlap between X ↔ Y is necessarily larger than the overlap between X ↔ Z. Equivalently, the length of label xy is shorter than label xz, and label xz can be seen as the concatenation of label xy and label yz.
Tarres et al. [ 9] showed that Ducrocq's formulae [ 8], drawn from the grouped data model for survival analysis (where the value of the underlying variable is necessarily larger than 0), can be applied to an underlying variable with negative values.
Such studies are necessarily large in scale, because they incorporate experiments on multiple individuals of multiple species in multiple developmental stages in multiple environmental conditions.
For such an epidemiological study to be adequately powered, it would be necessarily large scale.
For SV projects, the number of inserts processed, N, and P(S) are necessarily large and small relative to unity, respectively.
As shown in Table S1 in the Supplement, there are necessarily large differences in the air sampling systems due to different canopy and tower heights, but the PTR-MS setups were remarkably similar.
Public surveys are necessarily large to cover the population of over 25 million households in the UK [ 16], and are therefore costly e.g. Murray et al. [ 4] involved 13,795 telephone calls.
