The overall association between vaginal bleeding and preterm birth was modest (risk ratio (RR) = 1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1, 1.6).
Although recent studies have shown that heredity is a dominant factor in lumbar disc degeneration, heavy lifting and awkward working positions as well as obesity and joint injury may be modest risk factors for disc degeneration, and also for arthrosis of the knee and hip [ 18, 19].
At present, the lesson emerging from other disorders is that, where identified risk variants explain only a small proportion of total heritability (as is the case now for most diseases), or where heritability is modest, common risk variants are unlikely to have the discriminatory power to improve risk prediction [ 16].
However, the absolute magnitude of the effect is modest and the risk for relapse remains significant, especially in patients with metastatic involvement of axillary lymph nodes.
Although an observed 1.49-fold increase in NPC risk is modest, this is the magnitude of risk that one would anticipate for a heterogeneous genetic disease.
The observed 1.49-fold increase in NPC risk is modest, however; this is the magnitude of risk that one would anticipate for a heterogeneous genetic disease.
Though the observed two-fold decrease in risk is modest, our finding is intriguing because genes in multiple pathways alter the risk for HCC, and each individual gene is likely to contribute only a modest risk.
Although the observed two-fold decrease in risk is modest, our finding is intriguing because genes in multiple pathways alter the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma, and each individual gene is likely to contribute only a modest risk.
Yet the increase in risk is modest, said Dr. Kreimer, "less than the two- to threefold elevations in risk that cause concern".
Our study results suggest that HCWs in an acute hospital care setting are at no higher risk of influenza than the general public, or that if they are, the increased risk is modest.
