Despite the fact that C. difficile is likely acquired via ingestion of spores (as the vegetative form will die in the presence of oxygen), only the vegetative form produces toxins.
Resistance is likely acquired by the emergence of mutations within EGFR or the EGFR pathway, including KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA and PTEN.
The first is of Catch, a note-taking app similar to Evernote that was likely acquired back in July, and the second is BroadMap.
Case patients were categorized by the setting in which C. difficile was likely acquired, to account for recent evidence that suggests that healthcare facility-associated CDAD may have its onset in the community up to 4 weeks after discharge.
Your challenge will be finding such businesses since they were likely acquired or put out of business by Whole Foods years ago.
Some isolates carry additional genomic blocks inserted into the core genome, also known as pathogenicity islands that are likely acquired by lateral gene transfer.
The btubA and btubB genes were likely acquired by Prosthecobacter by horizontal gene transfer of α− and β−tubulin from a eukaryotic host [1], [3], [4].
Studies have shown high rates of HCV co-infection in this population [5], [6], and HCV was likely acquired at or around the time of HIV infection.
The 6 real "H37Rv-specific" variations (i.e., those that are different from both H37Ra and CDC1551) are likely acquired during long-term repeated in vitro cultivation of H37Rv over the years but unrelated to the virulence property.
Thus the Sox genes in the Lost City metagenome may be constitutively expressed, and at least some of them were likely acquired by an ancestor common to T. crunogena via lateral transfer.
Given that sodC was likely acquired by Nm via horizontal transfer from Hi [18], primers and a probe that differed by at least three nucleotides per oligo between Nm and Hi sodC were chosen (Figure S1, Table 4).
