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Data are said to be left truncated when the lower segment of the population has been left out, whereas right-truncation results from leaving out the upper segment.
It is well known that in medical research on some specific diseases such as AIDS and dementia, the sampling scheme results in data samples that are left truncated.
In addition to right censoring, observations are left truncated at the beginning of a calendar period [ 28].
This analysis would have included patients diagnosed in 1975 1989, but all observations would have been left truncated at the beginning of 1985 and right censored at the end of 1989 (dashed black frame).
A period following a treatment switch was left truncated at the time of the switch; a period following a suicide attempt started at baseline (that is, a patient continued contributing time of follow-up after a suicide attempt).
Indeed, it may be interesting to consider age as the underlying time variable in two situations: i) if healthy subjects are followed up prospectively for the occurrence of a given disease (epidemiologic cohort studies), and ii) if the data are left truncated.
In most studies observations are left truncated as pregnant women enter with a delay of several weeks after conception.
The data were left truncated [ 22]; this meant that family physicians who already held an appointment at the start of the study were deemed to be 'at risk' of leaving that appointment only after January 1st 2003.
The curves in (a) are left-truncated at a rate of 10−5 per 3 months.
We focused on new statin users from 2004 onward, and patients who had already received statins before the start of the study were left-truncated.
In period analysis survival times can be left-truncated at the beginning of the period of interest in addition to being right-censored at its end.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com