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The optical density is kept below 0.05 to avoid inner filter effects, or the optical densities of the sample and reference (r) are matched at the excitation wavelength.
Furthermore, the calculated thrust is kept below a given bound, which can also be minimized according to specific requirements.
The maximum driving heat source temperature is kept below 100 °C to utilize solar thermal energy or waste heat sources.
The delay is kept below the threshold of echo perception (e.g., only a few milliseconds in each direction).
The world's governments have pledged to limit carbon emissions so that global warming is kept below a 2C danger limit.
If the cell potential is kept below 3.4 V, the Li in excess of 4 Li+/canMn3O8 can be cycled reversibly.
High-speed readout is needed to ensure that the occupancy due to the pair production background at the ILC is kept below 1% level.
High speed readout is needed to ensure that the occupancy due to the pair production background at the ILC is kept below the 1% level.
It is shown that light scattering in the phantom medium does not reduce the image resolution considerably, if the imaging depth is kept below 500 μm.
The measured input return loss is kept below −11 dB, and the output return loss is −8 dB, from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz.
High-speed readout is also needed to ensure that the occupancy due to the pair production background at the ILC is kept below the 1% level.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com