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From (11), it is not difficult to see that ({E{tau (U,V |V}}), in which the random variable V is integrated out, has the same mean with ({tau (U,V }), yet a reduced variance.
Parameters of interest are the two indicator vectors R and E. Θ is regarded as the nuisance parameter and is integrated out to simplify the computation [27].
Equally because the survivor function is a representation of the cumulative hazard, the time course of the hazard is integrated out, and it is hard to glean information about the hazard time course.
When c is integrated out, the marginal hazards 2008 for and are not proportional over time, and the MLE of represents an average over time of the log marginal hazard ratios between and (Lin and Wei, 1989).
Because some quantities, notably k, is unknown, this is integrated out.
With KGP, we can further derive the posterior distribution given a training dataset D as (4) p (F ∣ D, T ) = p (T ∣ F ) p (F ) ∫ p (T ∣ F ) p (F ) d F. Notice that the second p(T) = ∫ p(T | F) p(F) dF is a constant value since T is constant and F is integrated out.
Similar(53)
The frailty (random effect) can be integrated out (in closed form or by numerical or stochastically integration, depending on the frailty distribution) to get a likelihood function not depending on unobserved quantities [ 19].
There is only one type of input, so the PDF Q is a delta function that can be integrated out. 2.
In some specific situations, these chain orientational degrees of freedom can be integrated out, and the quasi-static approximation is valid.
This gives cluster-specific inference, but random effects can be integrated out to get.
Therefore, the unobserved effect must be integrated out before estimation can progress [ 32].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com