The answer to the first question, whether today's climate system is in equilibrium with forcing, is negative.
In solution and in cells, soluble tubulin is in equilibrium with polymerized microtubules.
For reversible processes the system is in equilibrium with its environment, while for irreversible processes it is not.
The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is in equilibrium with, and far less abundant than, the oceanic inventory of carbon dioxide, bicarbonate ions (HCO3−), and carbonate ions (CO32−).
The water in the polymer is in equilibrium with pure liquid water.
The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is in equilibrium with, and far less abundant than, the oceanic inventory of carbon dioxide, bicarbonate ions (HCO3-), and carbonate ions (CO32-).
Such a representation enables a geochemist to determine whether a mineral is in equilibrium with its surroundings or subject to chemical transformation.
We also consider the case where the bulk concentration field is in equilibrium with the content of the droplet.
The stability and folding of proteins are modulated by energetically significant interactions in the denatured state that is in equilibrium with the native state.
In Pr-doped CaTiO3, Pr substituting for Ca (PrCa) is likely to form under condition A in which CaTiO3 is in equilibrium with CaO and O2.
At the tip of the single phase field, the γ′ phase is in equilibrium with the γ-Co (A1), Co2AlTi (L21) and Co3W (D019) phases.
