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Signal intensity is given as fold of expression as compared with the mock-infected probe.
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Expression levels are given as fold of expression and were compared between SpA, RA, and OA groups using the non-parametric Mann Whitney U test as appropriate.
Analyses of pSTATα pBcr-Abl and pJAK2 levels are given as folds of the sample values versus the α -tubulin values used as a loading control.
Alteration in the expression of a respective gene is given as fold increase/or decrease compared with the signal of the untreated control (Höpfner et al, 2002).
Alteration in the expression of a respective gene is given as fold increase/or decrease compared to the signal of the untreated control (Höpfner et al, 2002).
Thus, relative quantity of any gene is given as fold change relative to day 0. Naringenin, dihydroquercetin, kaempferol and quercetin were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (USA).
This relation is given as fold increase.
For mRNA expression in explants and cell culture, results are given as fold increase where relative expression of mRNA in cells treated with PGE2 was divided by the relative expression in vehicle-treated cells.
For each cell culture replicate, expression values were given as fold changes (FCs) corresponding to the ratio of the value for resistant cells to that for MCF-7aro cells.
Drug susceptibility results are given as fold change in susceptibility (i.e. standardized measure of HIV drug resistance), which is defined as where IC50 of a resistant or wild-type control isolate gives its half maximal inhibitory concentration.
Values are means ± SD of four biological replicates and are given as fold change compared to Ws-2 at 0 hr (left) or 4 hr (right).
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