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Contrary to most known other toxin/antitoxin systems, in higBA operons, the toxin is encoded upstream of the antitoxin as it is the case in pVT1.
Tap-1 is encoded upstream of tseL.
On the other hand, Hcp-2 is encoded upstream of a VgrG homolog at the opposite end of the island.
This cluster also contained a close homolog to the putative Fe-S protein that is encoded upstream of bamB, called BamC.
For example, one intriguing hydrophobic small protein is encoded upstream of the cydAB genes in every cydAB operon that contains a CydAQlong allele but lacks CydX, including those that contain CydY.
The 86 nt putative fluoride-sensing riboswitch, designated the crcB RNA, is present in growing cells, but was not detected in RNA from stationary phase cells and, surprisingly, is encoded upstream of TK0513 rather than TK0514 (crcB), the gene predicted to encode a fluoride exporter [ 53, 54].
Similar(54)
In the current Gateway System, six histidines and the tobacco etch virus protease cleavage site are encoded upstream of the attR1 recombination site such that the histidine-tagged destination/expression vector adds 15 residues to the amino-terminus of recombinant proteins.
The sensor-response regulator NarL-NarX and the transcriptional regulator DnrS are encoded upstream of the nar genes.
The majority of metagenomic sequences were found to encode complete relBE addiction modules exhibiting characteristic genetic architecture, in which relB genes are encoded upstream of and overlapping the start codon of the relE gene [ 32].
VgrG-1 is encoded immediately upstream of tap-1 (Fig 1A).
However, the expressions of lldD and lldE are both repressed by the regulator LldR which is encoded by upstream adjacent gene lldR [ 19].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com