Centromere function ensures accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis, as the centromere dictates assembly of the kinetochore that, in turn, regulates the spindle attachment checkpoint (SAC), which delays anaphase onset until all chromosomes are correctly attached in a bipolar fashion to the mitotic spindle.
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The mitotic checkpoint prevents chromosomal instability by delaying anaphase onset until all chromosomes are correctly attached to the mitotic spindle.
Therefore, this mechanism prevents sister chromatids separation, delaying the onset of anaphase, until all kinetochores are correctly attached to the mitotic spindle and under appropriate tension.
Published: April 24, 2014 During mitosis, the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) normally prevents cells progressing to anaphase until all chromosomes are correctly attached to spindle microtubules (Musacchio and Salmon, 2007).
Accuracy of chromosome segregation is dependent on mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), which delays anaphase initiation until all sister chromatids are correctly attached to the mitotic spindle by their kinetochores (Musacchio and Salmon, 2007; Kim and Yu, 2011).
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To ensure faithful chromosome segregation, the mitotic checkpoint has to be sufficiently strong to delay anaphase when as little as one chromosome is not correctly attached to the spindle.
SAC proteins including BubR1 and Bub3 ensure correct segregation of homologous chromosomes and provoke a cell cycle arrest in metaphase if any chromosome is not correctly attached to the bipolar spindle[29], [30], [31].
The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) ensures correct separation of sister chromatids in somatic cells and provokes a cell cycle arrest in metaphase if one chromatid is not correctly attached to the bipolar spindle.
