The transport protein (e.g., enzyme) translates from the cytosol through the inner membrane, where the signal peptide is cleaved off by specific peptidases.
Contrary to previous studies, the OvEC-SOD was found to have a 19 amino acid long signal peptide that is cleaved off during the process of maturation.
These toxins contain a signal for degradation by the N-end rule pathway, which is cleaved off by HIV-1 PR, resulting in increased toxicity.
See et al utilized functionalized gold nanoparticles to assess the ability of cathepsin L to cleave substrates off the NPs and confirmed that upon internalization into the cell, the substrate is cleaved off the Au-NPs by cathepsin L [12].
During transport, a conserved leader sequence, termed the double-glycine motif (GG-motif), is cleaved off by the N-terminal domain of the transporter, which belongs to the Peptidase C39 protein family.
Upon pIgR-mediated IgA transcytosis, a portion of the pIgR is cleaved off and released as the secretory component (SC) bound to dimeric IgA, forming secretory IgA (SIgA) [4] [7].
Taken together, these experiments show that during N. gonorrhoeae infection amphiregulin is cleaved off from the plasma membrane and a 36 kDa product is released into the extracellular media.
Thus, when TEVp is expressed from pMal-TEV2, the protease will not be permanently fused to the solubility enhancing MBP-moiety since this domain is cleaved off in the cell by the protease itself [41].
In fact, for HTNV it was previously shown that the first nucleotide of the genome 5' end is cleaved off by a viral endonuclease activity ("prime and realign"), resulting in a monophosphorylated 5' end [18].
Remarkably, the Ring1B IRES seems to be sensitive to the absence of a translation initiation complex, since it is much less active when the eIF4E binding domain is cleaved off eIF4G by viral protease 2A.
The SecA and SecB proteins (encoded by Rmet_3118 and Rmet_0254, respectively) cooperatively bind with the signal sequence of secretory proteins that, after translocation, is cleaved off by signal peptidases SPaseI (Rmet_2420) or SPaseII (of which there are three candidate enzymes in C. metallidurans i.e. encoded by Rmet_2304, Rmet_2886, and Rmet_5948).
