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FCS also has the ability to measure the average density of diffusing entities38, which is challenging to obtain by methods based on fluorescence intensity.
However, it is challenging to obtain such flame characteristics particularly through a three-dimensional and non-intrusive means.
As the planning of tumor ablation is a multi-objective problem, it is challenging to obtain optimal covering solutions based on clinician׳s experiences.
"We shot color high-speed video of the bats gathering nectar, which is challenging to obtain because color cameras require a lot of light," said Cally J. Harper, lead author of a paper on the research.
Considering the transient conduction, phase change and uncertain thermal conditions in a heat pipe, it is challenging to obtain the dynamic thermal characteristics accurately in such complex heat and mass transfer process.
The prevalence of these viruses was measured along the Norwegian coast and found to be close to 100%, and with the present lack of suitable cell lines to propagate these viruses, it is challenging to obtain material to study their host impact and infection routes.
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Highly crossreactive antibodies are challenging to obtain using traditional methodologies involving animal immunization and hybridoma development.
In the past it has been challenging to obtain sequences from sufficient independent nuclear loci from a broad taxonomic group to make multilocus DNA barcoding effective.
Bulk stool specimens are traditionally used for rotavirus detection but may be challenging to obtain from young children.
Such information would provide useful in devising strategies for improved recombinant expression of immunogens; indeed, monodisperse Pfs48/45 has been challenging to obtain and development of homogeneous and stable recombinant constructs is an area of intense research7,25,27,28,29,30.
Positive controls are essential for PCR reliability and are challenging to obtain for rare, exotic and/or emerging pathogens and pose biosafety risks if manufactured using infectious pathogens.
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