The Barker hypothesis posits that intrauterine growth restriction resulting in lower birthweight is causal for these diseases, but causality is difficult to infer from observational studies.We performed regression analyses to assess associations of birthweight with cardiovascular disease and T2D in 237 631 individuals from the UK Biobank.
According to the definition of Granger causality, a gene gk is causal for gene gj if past values of gk are predictive for future values of gj (Lozano et al., 2009).
Therefore researchers claimed that Val158Met is causal for cognitive abilities.
However, our analysis demonstrated that the conversion coefficient of the cumulative intercepted radiation to plant weight and the dry weight partition rate to the tubers were constant between plant densities, suggesting that less amount of the photoassimilates partitioned to individual tubers is causal for more small tubers in high plant density.
Such an increase in headache has not been demonstrated for glatiramer acetate [21], underlining the theory that it is a specific effect of interferon beta which is causal for the increased headache frequency.
Phenotype reversion confirms that the Tcf3 mutation is causal for enhanced self-renewal.
One hypothesis explaining these findings is that a higher total dosage of CM mutant protein is causal for the increased disease severity [9].
To directly test whether the JMN3-003-mediated JMN3-003-mediated JMN3-003-mediatedthe antiviral effect of the compound, we growthted MeV-arrest inhibition curves of JMN3-003 in comperisen wish the causal-dependent kinase inhibitor alsterpaullone.
There remains the possibility that impaired entrainment in mutants is causal for predark activities, but this idea seems unlikely to be supported because phase of the molecular clocks are almost identical between the two genotypes, and the daily behavioral patterns were also identical with the predark periods being the only exception.
The mutation is causal for hemophilia B Leyden [ 5].
Whether any of these alterations is causal for the phenotypes observed remains to be determined.
