Copy-number analysis revealed recurrent chromosomal alterations and differences in copy number that were background dependent.
We suspect this discrepancy in the exact time of secondary palate fusion may be background dependent, as FaceBase uses C57BL/6 embryos.
It could be, for example, that the effects of microcephaly genes are background dependent, or are combinatorial such that changing individual genes has only a minor or no affect in isolation.
As the Fn1 and Itga5 phenotypes are known to be background dependent, we confirmed that we could observe expansion of the anterior endoderm domain in both C57BL/6J and 129S4 mice strains.
The observation, that 14 RIAILs have intermediate induced lethality levels and yet have CB4856 ppw-1 flanking markers suggests that additional loci contribute to both decreases and increases in induced lethality and that the increasing effects are background dependent.
It was therefore concluded that the occurrence of chromosomal rearrangements is background-dependent.
Our findings demonstrate that crypsis is background-dependent, and implicate visual predation as an important driver of evolutionary modifications of colour polymorphism in pygmy grasshoppers.
Notably, the phenotypic penetrance of the respective mutants is background-dependent, with stronger effects in Ler than in Col-0 (Etchells et al., 2013).
Therefore, the survival advantage of disruptive coloration may often be background-dependent.
However, we present here the role of the gene, as merely one of the building elements in the genetic architecture underlying the complex phenotype, and show that FLO1 is highly background dependent in determining the phenotype of its carrier.
Moreover, the phenotypic effect of the FLO1 allele was highly background dependent.
