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The company is appraised using fair-market value, a feasibility study is usually performed beforehand, and the selling owner typically sells ownership in stages over time.
At the level of the individual teacher, performance is appraised using the Enhanced Performance Management System (EPMS), which was introduced in 2001.
The role of optimum chain length between the crosslinks (crosslink density) necessary to attain better conductivity levels is appraised using PEG of different molecular weights (400, 2000, 4000, 10,000 and 35,000) for synthesis and the maximum conductivity was obtained for PEG-4000.
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The remaining papers were appraised using relevant appraisal checklists for the type of study under consideration, following which 16 papers were excluded.
The methodological quality of the studies was appraised using the "appraisal of randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials" developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute.
The quality of included cohort studies was appraised using the standard critical appraisal questions developed by the Centre for Clinical Effectiveness.
Because all studies were qualitative, the overall methodological quality of those publications classified as original research (n = 5) [ 29– 33] were appraised using the CASP tool for qualitative study appraisal [ 21].
Articles reporting on the tools reviewed by Sutton et al 1 were appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) critical appraisal tool for cohort studies 17 (see Table 2 for CASP scores).
The quality of the 24 studies was appraised using a scale adapted from the 'Newcastle/Ottawa Scale (NOS)' 33 (the appraisal standard of NOS is shown in online supplementary appendix A).
Twelve publications were appraised using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Research Evidence Appraisal Tool.
Each citation was appraised using screening tools designed and tested a priori.
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