Almost all these CDFs specifically transport Zn2+; only AtMTP1 displayed a low affinity for Cd2+ in reconstituted proteoliposomes (100-fold lower than Zn2+) and TgMTP1 was shown to be able also to confer Ni2+, Cd2+, and Co2+ tolerance when over-expressed in yeast [ 13, 26].
In addition to conferring Herceptin resistance, t-Darpp is also reported to confer resistance to drug-induced apoptosis, apparently via a mechanism that involves CREB activation [32].
In addition to its role in nitrogen regulation, Ure2p is also known to confer protection to cells against heavy metal ion and oxidant toxicity and shows both glutathione transferase and glutathione peroxidase activities (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cdd.shtml).shtml
Interestingly, this adaptive upregulation of antioxidant enzymes is also known to confer chemoresistance to cancer cells when exposed to certain chemotherapeutic drug classes, for example, taxanes.
Such high PUFA content in sperm cells is also thought to confer fluidity to the sperm membrane and be important in the regulation of lipid metabolism and cell movement (Stubbs and Smith, 1984; Gliozzi et al., 2009).
A sufficiently strong repression is also required to confer robustness to the high-expression state (induced by strong activation 〈 q〉/ h r ≫ 1) of the host gene in presence of input temporary drops.
This bacterium is associated with a wide breadth of human gastrointestinal disease, including numerous cancers, inflammatory disorders, and pathogenic infections, but is also known to confer fitness benefits to its host both indirectly, through interactions with other pathogens, and directly.
The calmodulin-binding domain of plant kinesin-like calmodulin-binding protein is also known to confer Ca2+-calmodulin regulation to kinesins.
In addition to the protection afforded by degrading δPKC, increased εPKC accumulation at cardiac mitochondria is also likely to confer protection.
Thus, maC46 is also able to confer a selective advantage in this in vivo setting.
