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where b1 is a random individual intercept and b2 is a random individual slope.
In all these models we can add a frailty, that is, a random individual effect to explain the dependence of individual recurrent events.
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But without enough controversy or comment to get it through to a second day of coverage we were left with Brandis' evaluation, "There was a random individual who turned out to be a terrorist yelling at the side of a room for about three seconds".
That is, for a random individual at generation g, the probabilities that a randomly chosen parent of the individual derives from S α and H are s α, g−1 and h g−1, respectively.
In first approximation, egg-laying is a random point process: individual egg-laying events occur aperiodically and are sufficiently brief (<0.1 sec) that they can be treated as point events.
For the S4 families, we tested the hypothesis that individuals from a family were more phenotypically similar to each other than they were to a random individual, a relationship that should arise if heritable genetic variation exists for a given trait.
For example: before reproduction takes place, individual fitness (w) is a random variable, meaning that each individual has a distribution of possible fitness values.
The first data source in the LWF is the T4 Supplementary Tax File, which is a random sample of all individuals who received a T4 supplementary tax form and filed a tax return.
Re-sampling [ 72] is a random perturbation method which resamples individual values in the data set [ 59].
"ε it " is a random variable changing across both individuals and scenarios.
The mapping population utilized in this study (163 individuals) is a random subset of a F1 progeny obtained in 1995 from the cross between the table grape cultivars Italia (Bicane × Muscat of Hamburg) and Big Perlon ((Almeria × Cardinal) × Perlon).
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