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Alteration of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis is a primary consequence observed in the offspring [9].
26 Whether complex I deficiency is a primary consequence of the disease or a secondary adaption is a question that remains to be addressed.
To examine whether cell invasion is a primary consequence of Src42A activation, or a secondary effect of cell death triggered by elevated Src activity, we expressed the caspase inhibitor p35 to block cell death.
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These data have to be carefully evaluated when used to monitor disease evolution [45], as penetration of death probes might be a primary consequence of membrane permeabilization during isolation rather than a physiological feature of the disease [46].
However, one Glasgow-based study found students (of either sex) strongly expected aggression to be a primary consequence of alcohol use, particularly in males (Crawford, 1984).
The data suggest the possibility that reduction of cell senescence may be a primary consequence of DR which in turn may explain known effects of DR such as improved mitochondrial function and reduced production of reactive oxygen species.
While fMRI, EEG, and PET data suggest medial parietal/posterior cingulate cortex involvement in early AD, it is not known if this is a primary event or a secondary consequence of MTL pathology, such as neurofibrillary tangle deposition, which occurs early on in the disease [37].
This suggested that membrane disruption was a primary event rather than a consequence of swelling after failure of membrane ion pumps.
Next, we investigated whether Rnf12 upregulation is a primary, early consequence of Nanog depletion.
In those experiments, however, it was not clear whether inhibited angiogenesis was a primary effect of radiation or was a consequence of reduced tumor growth.
Despite this wealth of evidence, it is still unclear whether mitochondrial dysfunction is a primary causal event or a secondary consequence of PD.
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