Pecan trees require large amounts of water for their growth and flood (border) irrigation is the most common method of irrigation.
Border irrigation is widely practised for winter wheat production on the North China Plain.
The analyzed field is a graded basin (close-ended border) irrigation system.
Therefore, improvements to border irrigation performance and water use efficiency are urgently needed.
The application to a border irrigation case study provided the spatial variability of the water content, so that precise information about the soil environment was gathered.
Border irrigation, a type of flood irrigation wherein water is applied to leveled orchard plots divided by soil ridges from a field irrigation ditch at its upper end, is the oldest and most common irrigation method used in the region.
A software for the design and evaluation of surface irrigation systems (furrow, border and basin) along with the design of water conveyance systems (open channel and pipe line) is developed to assist users in educational and research organizations.
Furrow and border irrigation alternatives were designed and ranked with the SADREG model, considering lasered and non-lasered land levelling, field lengths of 50 200 m and various inflow discharges.
Thick lines denote the borders of the experiment, thin lines denote irrigation lines (vertical borders of plot were also irrigation lines in [B] 2010), and R# denotes row number (used for identifying replicates during the experiment).
The Vietcong were firing from foxholes dug amid the shrubbery and trees on top of an irrigation dike that bordered the hamlet.
