Reference [58] proposed to use the fractional polynomial function to fit the PSD of measured contact wire irregularity: S_{1} (k) = frac{A + Bk}{{1 + Ck + Dk^{2} }}, (27 where A, B, C and D are fitting parameters.
Zonal drift velocities of irregularities were measured using cross-correlation analysis with time series of the VHF scintillation structure from two closely spaced antennas.
Computer simulations of the instrument operation were made to make sure that the instrument is capable of measuring irregularities in the proton spectrum, which presumably exist at E∼1012 eV.
EPBs contain a broad spectrum of plasma density irregularities, as measured by sounding rockets and satellites.
An example of Doppler spectra of the daytime irregularities measured at 1133 LT (0415 UT) on May 30, 2016, at three different height regions, is inset in the left middle panels.
Meanwhile, the AIP is capable of measuring ionospheric plasma irregularities with sampling rate up to 8192 Hz over a wide range of spatial scales.
Fig. 1 Example of equatorial ionospheric irregularities measured by the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) satellite on 17 October 2011.
A technique of measuring aspect angle of radar returns from 3-m Es field aligned irregularities is developed.
The ROTI characterizes the severity of the GPS phase fluctuations and detects the presence of the ionospheric irregularities, and it measures the irregular structure of the TEC spatial gradient.
