Irregular migration policies therefore give rise to new forms of legal governance that increase state powers (Giannacopoulos et al., 2013).
The article argues that, despite clear tensions between the two institutions and although they attribute to each other different hierarchies of value in an application of Becker's theoretical framework, the executive and judiciary are increasingly interlinked in reconfiguring the legalities of irregular migration policies.
Generally speaking, the last government's irregular migration policy could be summarised as follows: Arrest - Detain - Return.
Generally speaking, the last government's irregular migration policy could be summarized as follows: arrest, detain, return.
The next section reviews the literature on transnational activities and argues that state immigration-control policies create irregular legal statuses that have both direct and indirect effects on both mobile and non-mobile transnational activities.
Irregular scheduling and call-in policies prevent people from working a second job, enrolling in education or finding quality, consistent care for their children.
Most Colombians, by contrast, reckon their president has improved their human rights, by starting to tame three irregular armies with tough security policies.
Although the aim of these types of policies to detect irregular migrants, it affects a broader part of society and was hence coded as targeting 'all' (including travellers, permanent residents, migrants and citizens), de facto all those who are assumed to be potential irregular migrants.
After Kantor's story, Starbucks revised its policies to end irregular schedules for its employees.
Factors explaining these differences are multiple and revert to various elements of context of reception, such as: the policy treatment of irregular migrants (from tolerance to deportation), the social infrastructure at destination (with migrant organizations encouraging and facilitating money transfers), the initial selection of migrants towards one destination or another.
