Exact(3)
The angular standard deviation in both irradiation steps was ±5° maximum around the target maximum angle.
Both irradiation steps with quasi-continuous angular variation are a key requirement to obtain highly interconnected porous networks.
Inevitably, this means automating the cell finding, aligning and irradiation steps in order to achieve high cell throughputs.
Similar(57)
Non-irradiated samples (control cells) underwent all procedures except the irradiation step and were kept on ice.
This standard has been adapted for photocatalytic tests on bacteria, adding an irradiation step to the ISO 20743 experimental procedure and new equations.
The effects of varying fluence and twisting angles are examined, and the potential to add a prior higher energy irradiation step to penetrate larger bundles is explored.
Next, for the second irradiation step the film was rotated in the plane by 90° and re-exposed to the same angular variable irradiation flux to form finally a complex 3D nanochannel network.
For the present study, a PC film was subjected to a first irradiation step over a wide angular range from −45° to +45° with respect to the normal axis of the PC surface.
For first stage (to prepare two deferent depth locations of a/c interface) at an angle of (a) 60° and (b) 0°, with respect to surface normal; second stage irradiation (for fabrication of ripples) at an angle of 60° named as (c) set A and (d) set B. AFM characterization was carried out on all samples after each irradiation step.
Mussel shells were converted to rod like nano-crystalline HA particles of 30 70 nm long using 0.1 M EDTA as a chelating agent for 30 min after an appropriate pre-treatment and an irradiation step in a microwave with a power of 1.1 kW.
The irradiation step could potentially enhance the recognition even further, as it leads to expression of cell stress molecules.
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