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Second, we discuss the role of IPRs in the ongoing consolidation in the biotechnology industry.
This paper investigates the role of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in the process of standardization in the telecommunications industry.
This paper investigates the role of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in shaping the GSM (global system for mobile communications) industry.
As researchers mostly work as employees in research institutions and establishments, they generally do not have a share of the IPRs in the inventions unless otherwise agreed.
Accordingly, the US as the world's largest net exporter of intellectual property has pursued since the 1980s a policy of continuous upward protection of IPRs in its trade negotiations, in which the last FTA negotiated (in this case the one with Korea) becomes the de facto baseline for future talks (Herreros 2011: 31 2).
Whether through the protection of breeding innovations under plant variety rights protection laws or through the patenting of genes and gene fragments, the increasing involvement of IPRs in agriculture has effected a shift of agricultural research from public to private institutions.
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M1: index of colocalization and P: significance of correlation were measured in the indicated dotted squares which are located: 1 in IPR, 2 in IPI, 3 in IPC and 4 in IPL.
This chapter examines how institutions with different and opposing perspectives are shaping the diffusion of IPR in China.
Based on (26), we are going to prove the worst-case (mathcal{O}(1/t^{2})) convergence rate of PALM-IPR in an ergodic sense.
Under mild assumptions, we establish the worst-case (mathcal{O}(1/t^{2})) convergence rate of PALM-IPR in a non-ergodic sense.
We start with a critical discussion of the standard justification of the attribution of IPR in terms of "market failures" in knowledge generation.
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