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Less common mammographic presentations include diffuse involvement of the breast with an infiltrative mass or less often a negative mammogram.
When there is diffuse involvement of the breast, it is imperative to distinguish idiopathic granulomatous mastitis from inflammatory carcinoma.
Both of the patients with acute leukaemic involvement of the breast in our series presented with two or more masses in one or both breasts.
In our series there were 8 patients with leukemic involvement of the breast: 6 with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and 2 with acute leukaemia.
Involvement of the breast [22], skeletal muscle [6, 22], liver [23], biliary ducts [24], mesentery [25], gastrointestinal tract [26] and testes [27] is extremely rare in ECD and only described in clinical reports.
Leukaemic involvement of the breast may be seen either in isolation or in the setting of widespread disease, and may be seen in the setting of leukaemic relapse [14, 15, 16, 17].
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Simultaneous bilateral involvement of the breasts with only one histology is regarded as a single primary tumour.
In a series of 117 patients with primary breast cancer, Schirrmeister and colleagues showed that PET was twice as sensitive as the combination of mammography and ultrasound in detecting multifocal tumor involvement of the breasts and could upstage the disease in some cases [ 48].
Open image in new window Fig. 8 A 57-year-old woman with known multiple myeloma of the sacrum and multifocal involvement of the left breast and low axilla.
Two of these studies further analyzed single quadrant versus multicentric involvement of the affected breast [ 32, 33] (Table 4).
Interest in the laterality of breast cancer was initially expressed 75 years ago by von Fellenberg, 4 who found a greater frequency of involvement of the left breast following a review of 986 cases identified by the Swiss Cancer Census for the years 1933 1935.
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involvement of the cancer
involvement of the chest
involvement of the maternal
involvement of the cerebral
involvement of the spine
involvement of the papillary
involvement of the judiciary
involvement of the pancreatobiliary
involvement of the family
involvement of the basal
involvement of the nipple
involvement of the chiasm
involvement of the cortex
involvement of the pericardium
involvement of the serotonin
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