It is important to emphasize that practice staff, including nurses, in practices participating in the FINE trial [ 19], had little involvement in the actual study which simply involved referral to the trial by family physicians.
There was no third-party or industry involvement in the present study, which was funded by the Institute for Innovation & Valuation in Health Care (InnoVal-HC).
"The cumulative declines since recent peak levels of drug involvement in the mid-1990s are quite substantial, especially among the youngest students," said Lloyd Johnston, the principal investigator for the study, which was financed by the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
Although, disease duration was not a significant factor of shoulder involvement in our study, which is in contrast with previous finding which suggested that disease duration could predict shoulder involvement [ 2].
DiPetrillo et al. [ 17] suggested that a candidate gene can be declared when a potential candidate gene exhibits at least three lines of evidence as to its involvement in the phenotype of study, which includes location within a known QTL, differences in gene expression, the aforementioned "functional relevance," and/or alteration in the phenotype with manipulation of the gene.
However, the involvement of the HCWs was not assessed in the current study, which represents a substantial limitation.
All three of the volunteer observers reported feeling very positive about their involvement in the study, being surprised with the ease with which they were able to gain consent from participants and how accepted and welcomed they felt by staff.
Funding for the international EPA-Cardio study was supported by the Bertelsmann foundation (http://www.bertelsmann-stiftung.de/cps/rde/xchg/bst/hs.xsl/prj_8519.htm), which had no involvement in the study design, analyses or interpretation of the data.
With the support of a major palm oil company, Malaysia-based Sime Darby, which Ewers says has no involvement in the study, the researchers have been given exclusive access to a forest site being cleared for palm oil conversion.
Previous studies have caused controversy but the lead author of the paper, Dr Eamonn Sheridan from Leeds University, said there has been strong community involvement in the Born in Bradford study, which has been following the health of 13,500 babies delivered in the Bradford Royal Infirmary between 2007 and 2011.
