Six assault allegations involved patients (five female, one male), two involved staff and two involved minors.
Surgical treatment is recommended in significantly involved patients to improve the cosmetic appearance and function of the involved shoulder.
However, none involved patients in general wards.
The five cases discussed in that paper involved patients with a condition called restless legs syndrome.
The study involved patients who had spread of the cancer within the larynx but not beyond it.
The studies on which the F.D.A. approved shin-bone treatment involved patients injured in accidents like car crashes and falls.
This study involved patients who, after laparoscopic surgery, had recurrence of endometriomas detected by sonography.
Certainly there are many cancers where these kinds of treatments can be effective cures, but the US trial involved patients whose lung cancer had already spread.
In the current batch of cases, doctors became suspicious after noting how many instances involved patients wearing soft lenses who had no obvious exposure to the fungus.
The second trial, involving 819 patients, took place primarily in North America and Western Europe, while the first trial involved patients in Asia, South America and Eastern Europe.
But some pain experts cautioned that those studies may have limited value because they involved patients in controlled settings like hospitals rather than the public.
