In an e-mail to Science Careers, Carmen Vela Olmo, the secretary of state for investigation, development, and innovation, tried to reassure early-career scientists.
"No one was expecting that there would be a spectacular rise, but we would have liked to see a less pronounced decrease … to demonstrate a political will to give more priority to investigation, development, and innovation".
According to details of the budget bill revealed this morning, Spain's national government will spend a total of about €6.39 billion on scientific investigation, development, and innovation in 2012.
For future biorefineries, extractive distillation with ionic liquids and hyperbranched polymers, adsorption with molecular sieve and bio-based adsorbents, nanofiltration, extractive-fermentation, membrane pervaporation in bioreactors, and vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) hold significant potential and great promise for further investigation, development and application.
One avenue of investigation, development, and progress has been the application of systems improvement [ 8] to medical practice.
While the merits of various distribution systems have proven contentious in recent years [ 6, 7], a variety of market-based, public-sector and hybrid distribution systems for ITNs [ 8- 12] have emerged which merit investigation, development and comparative evaluation on scales for which no precedent yet exists [ 3].
The bridge foundation design process involves the planning for field exploration, field and laboratory investigations, development of foundation design parameters, field testing, and geotechnical analysis with reference to various site-specific soil and geologic conditions.
If that evidence was the best Dowd developed during his investigation, a subsequent encounter with baseball officials was the most puzzling aspect of post-investigation developments.
There is no proactive investigation or development of prevention-related strategies.
