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ANOVA was used to investigate differences between groups, for example, those using different glucocorticoid treatment regimens.
Two-way repeated-measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were applied to the dependent variables, depending on the conditions, to investigate differences between groups and / or conditions.
The log-rank test (Mantel-Cox) was used to investigate differences between groups.
The log-rank test (Mantel-Cox) was used to investigate differences between groups, and p-values < 0.05 were considered significant.
For non-normally distributed data, the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to investigate differences between groups.
Further exploratory analyses to investigate differences between groups were conducted using the χ test and t-test as appropriate.
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The Wilcoxon two sample test (two-sided) was also used to investigate differences between group A and B postoperatively (VAS pain, VAS satisfaction, pain free walking distance, ability of pain free stair climbing, anterior and valgus/varus laxity, Function score, Knee Score, Total KSS).
Secondary analyses also investigated differences between groups in perceived acceptability of the intervention at baseline, and perceived helpfulness of the intervention at study outcome on: depressed mood, attention and concentration, controlling thinking, and memory.
However, these differences do not interfere with the results of our study, because the study was aimed at investigating differences between groups and changes over time rather than presenting absolute values.
Here, we used region-of-interest identification with intracranial correction, unlike previous works, which have used voxel-based morphometry (VBM), an automated method that investigates differences between groups at the level of individual voxels.
Bivariate analyses investigating differences between groups (Tables 1– 4) used χ² tables for categorical data, Mann Whitney U-tests and Kruskal Wallis H-tests for non-normally distributed continuous data, and t-tests and ANOVAs for normally distributed data.
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