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Various approaches to designing the algorithm which controls such a system are discussed, including matrix inversion, gradient descent methods, and pattern search methods.
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MPRAGE, an inversion prepared gradient echo sequence (bandwidth = 190 Hz/pixel, flip angle = 7 degree, TR/TE/TI = 2.53 s/3.39 ms/1.1 s), was used to acquire 3D T1-weighted whole brain structural images.
Human herpesvirus 6. Inversion recovery gradient echo.
Open image in new window Fig. 9 Short-axis post-contrast T1-w inversion recovery gradient echo image shows patchy mid myocardial LGE (arrows) of severely thickened myocardium in a patient with Danon disease.
Open image in new window Fig. 12 Short-axis post-contrast T1-w inversion recovery gradient echo image shows mild concentric LV thickening and patchy areas of mid myocardial and subepicardial LGE (arrows) in a patient with cardiac sarcoidosis.
b Post contrast T1-w inversion recovery gradient echo image shows diffuse sub-endocardial to mid myocardial LGE of the ventricles (straight arrow), interatrial septum (curved arrow) and the atrial walls (arrowhead).
Open image in new window Fig. 8 Short-axis post contrast T1-w inversion recovery gradient echo MRI sequence shows patchy mid myocardial LGE in the basal lateral (straight arrow) in a patient with Anderson Fabry's disease.
Several sequences are available today for the assessment of LGE, including the two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) inversion recovery gradient echo sequences (IR-GRE), the 2D and 3D inversion recovery SSFP sequences (IR-SSFP), and the phase-sensitive inversion recovery sequences (PSIR-GRE or PSIR-SSFP) that eliminate the need for a precise null time for normal myocardium.
Structural images were acquired with MPRAGE, an inversion prepared gradient echo sequence (TR/TE/TI = 2.53s/3.45ms/1.1s, FA = 7deg, voxel size = 1×1×1 mm).
A contrast-enhanced T1-weighted inversion recovery gradient echo sequence was used to evaluate late enhancement [ 6].
Inversion recovery gradient echo sequences in long and short axes are acquired 10 20 minutes after the injection of gadolinium-based contrast agent.
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