The other key issue in prostate cancer diagnosis and therapy, together with detectability and accurate localization, is the tumor characterization and the non-invasive discrimination of aggressive from indolent disease.
The value of MRS in non-invasive discrimination of source tissue in cerebral metastases has been studied by 2 groups.
If a PCR assay generated a similar result in the two groups of five strains (uniformly positive or negative), we concluded that the contribution of this PCR to discrimination between invasive and non-invasive strains would probably be small; these PCRs were excluded from further evaluation.
We are encouraged that our logistic regression model documented age-based differences in the discrimination between invasive cancer and DCIS, performing best in older age groups.
There is a significant body of clinical research indicates good diagnostic accuracy for the PCT test for discrimination between invasive fungal infection and bacterial infection [ 6, 49].
Current efforts, including some in our own group, are focusing on efforts to improve discrimination of invasive cancer and DCIS on MRI by optimizing both image acquisition and software analysis technology to address this important need.
There is a significant body of clinical research indicating a good diagnostic accuracy for the PCT test for discrimination between invasive fungal infection and bacterial infection or noninfectious conditions [ 4, 6].
The importance of model validation studies is clearly demonstrated as the lack of discrimination between primary invasive and metastatic invasive tumors became clear only on temporal and external validation.
Most striking is the observation that discrimination between primary invasive and metastatic invasive tumors, which was acceptable on internal validation (c 0.73), was random on temporal (c 0.51) and external (c 0.56) validation.
We searched for new non-invasive biomarkers to aid in the discrimination between BPE and MPE because current clinical procedures require an invasive approach in many cases.
This suggests that a basic model like the KORA, which uses a limited set of non-invasive predictors, already provides good discrimination and good calibration and could therefore be useful in practice after appropriate adaptation of the model to the setting.
