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Most importantly, the two VL patients now displayed a reversed invalidity effect and responded faster in invalid trials compared to neutral trials (see Figure 2G).
There were no invalid trials; that is, all participants responded to all stimuli.
As expected, we observed a behavioural facilitation for valid compared to invalid trials.
Analysis of LRP onsets provided strong evidence against the common assumption of a motoric locus of the RT increase in invalid trials.
On invalid trials, the identity of the letter-cue did not match the target stimulus.
ERPs obtained in no-target trials were then subtracted from ERPs obtained in both valid and invalid trials.
We recorded behavior during batteries of trials containing 20% of invalid trials randomly interleaved with valid trials.
Ipsilateral and contralateral waveforms were computed separately for valid and invalid trials, as well as for no-target trials.
Thus, RTs standard deviation is higher on invalidly than validly cued trials, suggesting that targets were often undetected and that subjects responded at random on invalid trials.
Six participants were excluded because more then half of the trials in at least one condition (no-target trials, invalid trials, and/or valid trials) were rejected.
As reported in Figure 1b, reaction times for target detection in valid and invalid trials were recorded at ISIs of 150, 450 and 1000 ms (Monkey L).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com