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We performed a parametric survival analysis with censoring (as not all invading strains went extinct) and a Weibull error distribution on the data using R v. 3.0.2.
At every round of selection, we scored the frequencies of the strains (based on their colony morphology and different antibiotic resistance profiles) by growing them on agar plates and counting colony forming units, measuring the time at which the invading strains either went extinct or to fixation.
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The argument is that the invading strain emerged in the presence of antibodies against the resident and escaped successfully, while the reverse is not true.
Further studies are needed to determine if the invading strain is more virulent than the others.
One subpopulation within each metapopulation was inoculated by 1% of the invading strain (circa 100 cells) of either PAO1150-2 (treatment 1), PAO1 (treatment 2) and a 1 : 1 mixture of PAO1150-2 and PAO1 (a 0.5% starting inoculum of each strain) (treatment 3).
The potential for damage caused by invading Asian strains of the gypsy moth has been recognised and biosecurity management of imported automobiles and other pathways used by these strains are currently given high priority (Walsh 1993; Armstrong et al. 2003).
Furthermore, plectroviruses may be able to invade different strains or even different species of the Citri clade, as indicated by the experimental infection of various S. citri strains by viruses isolated from S. melliferum (Sha et al. 1995) and the infection of Drosophila-associated spiroplasmas by viruses isolated from other Drosophila spiroplasma strains (Oishi et al. 1984; Cohen et al. 1987).
Resistance was not seen in the S. aureus resident population when invaded with strain B180 at a starting frequency of 0.001 (Fig. 3) (Fisher's exact test, P = 1).
Indeed, the sequenced genome of S. solfataricus presents indeed a high number of insertion elements that may have recently invaded this strain [ 24].
Under structured conditions, the two invading, toxin-producing strains of S. epidermidis show different dynamics over time (Fig. 2A).
These studies have presented high resolution SEM pictures of various invading C. jejuni strains (showing details of the invagination process) in multiple non-polarised cell types [ 71, 97, 98], but corresponding qualitative and quantitative SEM data for a set of C. jejuni strains invading polarised cells from apical or basal membranes are currently not available.
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