It's largely animated and shows how viruses invade cells.
However, these merozoites can only invade cells within a very short time interval after egress from their parent cell.
A virus called coxsackie virus B attaches to CAR, using it to invade cells in the pancreas.
To invade cells, viruses need to latch onto structures on the surface called receptors.
As a swarm of billions of viruses try to invade cells, they require collaboration from the body -- its cells, enzymes, and molecular pathways that facilitate the virus's course.
An ability to invade cells, he said, is often what distinguishes a disease-causing microbe from one that is harmless.
Dr. Baldwin said that cocaine had powerful effects on both the nervous system and the immune system, and that it caused the body to produce steroid hormones and other substances that might affect H.I.V. and its ability to invade cells.
The strains are usually rendered harmless by laboratories that consult with the W.H.O., and the genes responsible for the ability of the virus's outer coat to invade cells are spliced to older, well-known strains.
