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Kalousova [11] assumes that the Czech Republic and Poland would experience identical trends were it not for the introduction of user charges in the Czech Republic.
The question remains as to whether patients should contribute to their cancer treatment through the introduction of user charges, and whether such payments can be assimilated without undermining efficiency and equity of health care access.
She found a significant decrease in ambulatory doctor visits after the introduction of user charges but an insignificant effect from the reform on the amount of hospital care provided.
To the contrary, opponents of the reform argued that in the Czech Republic (CR), the introduction of user charges would not have a significant effect on the demand for health-care services because this demand is not very price-elastic.
A number of reforms have been introduced in recent years, including the introduction of user charges for healthcare services, which started in January 2008 with the goal of reducing the unnecessary overuse of cost-free healthcare services by patients, thereby saving public resources.
A classic example is the introduction of user charges.
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If the number of children physician visits increased after the abolition of user charges in 2009, the introduction of regulatory fees in 2008 would have been effective in reducing demand.
We will estimate the effect of the 2009 abolition of user charges for children and thus find whether the introduction of regulatory fees in the Czech Republic reduced the overutilization of outpatient healthcare services.
Lundberg et al studied the effect of user charges on the use of prescription medicines [ 4].
These results suggest that farmer education and the introduction of water user charges that will increase the cost efficiency of sprinklers relative to the traditional methods may enhance water conservation through wider adoption and more efficient use of sprinklers.
14 Further reforms, including the introduction of user copayments for accessing care, have also been proposed.
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