This paper is the first to present evidence from the household level of an association between the introduction of output-based vouchers and increases in facility-based deliveries in Kenya.
This effect may be particularly pronounced in transition settings such as China and Vietnam [ 18, 30, 43, 44]; one case study in China found that the introduction of output-related bonuses for doctors increased "unnecessary care," drug sales and inpatient admission rates [ 45].
The LMI-based stability conditions are significantly relaxed by the introduction of an output error injection in the premise variable of the PMI observer.
Methods Odds of facility-based delivery were estimated before and after introduction of an output-based voucher.
Objective To measure whether there was an association between the introduction of an output-based voucher programme and the odds of a facility-based delivery in two Nairobi informal settlements.
The introduction of a second output in the single-output pathway was considered to study the behavior of the system if several products are generated.
Impact on content marketing With the introduction of input and output devices tuned to multiple senses, content creation can no longer be in only written form.
A recent development has been the introduction of 'continuous' cardiac output monitoring using a modified PAC Continuous Cardiacc Output/SvO2 Catheter model 746H8F, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Round Lake, Illinois, USA).
Without having convenient marketing conditions, the possible increment in output, rural incomes, and foreign exchange resulting from the introduction of improved production technologies could not be effective.
Considering both input (R&D activities) and output (introduction of innovations), we model innovation decisions as a multi-stage process using continuous-time Markov chain analysis.
