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Absorption measurements revealed that charge transfer transition was enhanced by introducing electron withdrawing groups.
These improvements are obtained because of introducing electron trapping centres and creating a bandgap in graphene through band structure engineering.
Doping by introducing electron donor or acceptor elements into the host crystal is a successful approach in thin film or thick film devices.
The (hyper polarizability of hexagonal GQDs was remarkably tuned by introducing electron donor/acceptor groups and incident frequency.
However, it is not easy to increase IR absorption without enhancement of recombination losses because by introducing electron levels, which provide strong IR transitions, we inevitably create additional channels for inverse processes that increase recombination losses.
We believe that introducing electron donating methoxy and methyl groups (5e, 5f) on the N-terminal of the piperidine ring at 2nd 3rd and 4th position resulted in increase in the activity.
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Especially, compound 4f achieved appropriate energy gap (Eg = 2.69 eV) and high fluorescence quantum yields (Φf = 0.69) because of introducing electron-donating group, such energy gap was helpful to electronic transfer and transport.
The fluorescence of the anthryl core can be greatly inhibited upon introducing electron-donating azido groups in the proximity.
The adsorption of the phenolics on RGO was enhanced by introducing electron-donating and withdrawing functional groups on the benzene ring.
This study indicates that simultaneously introducing electron-withdrawing carboxylate in side chains and vinylene linkers in conjugated backbones could efficiently tune the energy levels and enhance the π-π interactions between conjugated backbones.
However, attempts to increase the activity of the catalyst [Rh(CO 2I2]− by introducing electron-donating ligands are generally hampered by the instability of the complexes formed under the harsh reaction conditions.
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