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DNA gyrase, an essential enzyme that introduces negative supercoils, is a clinically validated target.
The inclusion of heptagonal, octagonal, or larger rings in an sp2-bonded carbon network introduces negative Gaussian curvature that can lead to a high network porosity.
While all type II DNA topoisomerases relax supercoiled DNA, DNA gyrase is the only enyzme that introduces negative supercoils into DNA at the expense of ATP hydrolysis.
The enzyme specifically introduces negative supercoiling in a process that must coordinate fuel consumption with DNA cleavage and religation and with numerous conformational changes in both the protein and DNA components of a large nucleoprotein complex.
Because mutation of Cys214 to glutamic acid enhances ERK-MEK interaction, negative charges must be involved in the interaction and thus, we postulate that cysteine oxidation introduces negative charges with very low pKa (<2) that allow the interaction to occur [48].
Lysine acetylation removes a positive charge, phosphorylation introduces negative charge, and both add steric bulk.
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For the natural inertial support for grid frequency and enhancing the continuous operation capability of the VSynC-based VSC attached to voltage-unbalanced network, this paper introduces negative-sequence internal voltage and regulates its dynamics according to the negative sequence active and reactive power components.
An NEG can model time window constraints between any two transitions by introducing negative places and negative tokens.
Sweden and Denmark have introduced negative deposit rates on a temporary basis in recent years.
When we introduce negative numbers, we introduce these on top of the natural numbers.
The European Central Bank, which oversees monetary policy for countries that use the euro, introduced negative rates in 2014.
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