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An artificial defect is introduced at the surface of a small sample.
Sulfate groups were introduced at the surface of poly ethylene) (PE) samples.
Artificial spherical defects (400 μm) are introduced at the surface of C35 steel fatigue samples.
The FTIR study revealed that along with the creation of isolated Si-ncs and hydrogen passivated Si, an increment of defects is also introduced at the surface of the Si-ncs; these defects are subsequently passivated by oxygen on exposure to ambient atmosphere.
Our results show that the rapid heating and quenching that occurred during pulsed laser irradiation caused vacancies to be introduced at the surface of the specimen and to diffuse to the interior, which led to the formation and growth of vacancy-type (V-type) dislocation loops.
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De novo Zn II -binding sites were introduced directly at the surface of both fluorescent domains of a chimera of enhanced cyan and yellow fluorescent protein, connected by a flexible peptide linker.
Chemisorption of laccases on a gold electrode through a polypeptide tag introduced at the protein surface provides an isotropic orientation of laccases on the Au surface, which allows the orientation dependent study of the direct electrochemistry of laccase.
If the lower quantities of the modifying mixture are introduced at the first step of modification, the surface of tablets obtained is smoother.
The stearyl acrylate (SA) as hydrophobic functional monomer was introduced onto the surface of PP nonwoven fabric at first stage and then the hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) as hydrophilic functional monomer was introduced subsequently.
Accordingly, constructs consisting of 20 μl of polymerized intermediate-stiffness scaffold encapsulating either 1 × 10 PiPS or iPS cells at 5 days of differentiation were introduced onto the surface of tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of immunodeficient mice.
The cracks were introduced on the surface of EMG-EBCs by an indentator at room temperature to simulate the damages by foreign object impact.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com