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Using a Monte-Carlo simulation study, the techniques performances are evaluated for varying levels of segregation, between species (intra) correlation, level of measurement error and level of test significance.
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No significant correlations were observed for pesticide concentrations (with ≥ 50% samples above the LOD) within the same tissue (inter-correlation) and between the different tissues (intra-correlation).
In longitudinal studies or clustered designs, observations for each subject or cluster are dependent and exhibit intra-correlation.
For AEE, however, the Armband yielded significant mean differences and moderate intra-correlation coefficients (r=0.65 to r=0.72).
They reported non-significant mean differences in TEE between the Armband and DLW, and high intra-correlation coefficients (r>0.90).
Furthermore, the intra-correlation coefficient for the psychomotor retardation was found to be very low, but for the social interaction and interests item, an adequate correlation emerged.
For trials that did not report mean weight change, but reported mean group weight (and either SE or SD) at baseline and follow up, standard errors of weight change were calculated assuming an intra-correlation coefficient of ρ = 0.5.
For each window and each cluster, we compared intra-correlation in expression profiles between RTSSs present in each cluster to the correlation observed when all globally defined RTSSs within the window were considered.
SUNS: Survivor Unmet Needs Survey; DASS-21: Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 items; CaSUN: Cancer Survivors Unmet Needss measure; EFA: Exploratory factor analysis; SD: Standard deviation; ICC: Intra-correlation coefficient; SF-SUNS: Short Form Survivor Unmet Needs Survey.
It is hence possibly true that the three economic hardships indicators analysed in the present study all capture separate dimensions of the multifaceted construct of economic hardships (which is supported by the low intra-correlation between the three variables) and together enhance each other and all capture different pieces of the puzzle.
The cluster design is necessary because an individual randomized controlled study has the disadvantage in that when an individual patient is offered an intervention in the same clinic where a different intervention is offered, discussions of details of the intervention among these patients would result in an intra-correlation.
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