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Bioaccessibility studies should be taken into account when evaluating the physiological effects of ingested compounds at the intestine level.
The limited bioavailability is likely due to the affinity of topotecan for drug transporter (such as breast cancer resistance protein) at the small intestine level (Kruijtzer et al, 2002), and not to significant first-pass hepatic metabolism.
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In addition to the changes in phospholipid acyl-chain composition, LPCAT3 deficiency induced changes in LPC (in liver and small intestine) or total PC (in proximal small intestine) levels, but only in tissues where LPCAT3 expression is high.
Although the difference was smaller in Lean fish compared to Fat fish in both tissues, in liver there was still a considerable difference in n-3 LC-PUFA levels between fish fed FO or VO, while in intestine levels were similar.
The rapid phosphorylation of H2AX after IR with the dose 30 Gy was observed in thymus and testis, and in the epithelium cells of villi in intestine, the level of H2AX phosphorylation was less pronounced (Yoshida et al. 2003).
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) content in the small intestine, serum levels of interleukines-1 and 6, plasma protease inhibitors and intestinal endothelial and epithelial permeability were assesed.
Dietary ECO significantly increased the total of EPA + DPA + DHA in anterior intestine to levels similar to those observed in FO-fed fish (Table 5), whereas in pyloric caeca these levels were similar in ECO and WCO-fed fish and lower than those in fish fed FO (Table 4).
In the small intestine, peak levels of apoptosis appeared earlier (4 h) than in the large intestine (6 h).
In the proximal small intestine, TG levels were high due to the massive absorption of lipids at this region, but tended to be increased in LPCAT3-deficient mice.
We found that MMP8 and MMP9 are mainly expressed by inflammatory cells in the intestine, and levels of both are increased in IBD, similar to results of others.
En/Erm expression in the intestine, at levels not associated with overt crypt-villus dysmorphogenesis, results in a marked increase in tumor number in ApcMin animals.
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