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Autism was diagnosed with a DSM-IV questionnaire for autism spectrum disorders and the Autistic Diagnostic Interview, revised version.
The primary dependent variables were depressive symptoms (Centers for Epidemiological Studies — Depression) and burden (Zarit Burden Interview, Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist — Reaction).
For autism patients, multidisciplinary evaluation included the Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R)+/−the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule generic (ADOS-G).
The Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R) [ 25] is an investigator-based interview containing structured coding for each behavioural item.
This was augmented at 36 months (at-risk group only) with the parent-report Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R) [45].
Additionally, instruments like Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R) [ 41] and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) [ 42, 43] are applied in selected and unclear cases.
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ASD was diagnosed based on the ADOS (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule) and ADI-R (Autism Diagnostic Interview - Revised) [ 26, 27].
The DISCO has good inter-rater reliability [ 25] and high agreement between the DISCO and the Autism Diagnostic Interview- Revised (ADI-R) classification has also been reported [ 26].
We conducted psychiatric interviews to obtain DSM-IV diagnosis of autistic disorder and confirmed by the Chinese Version of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised.
They were also assessed in cognitive flexibility through Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and in patterns of social interactions, behaviors, and communication through Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R).
The "gold standard" in diagnosing ASDs combines clinical judgment with the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised ADI-R a ADI-R auctured parent interview—and the AutisemistructuredObservation Schedule (ADOS)—a conversation and parentased interview with the child.
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